Titanium is a metal that has a better strength-to-weight ratio, is more wear resistant, and more flexible than steel. Layers of different steel types are welded together, but then the stock is manipulated to create patterns in the steel. Damascus steel is a form of pattern welding with similarities to laminate construction. In this case, however, the part most affected by corrosion, the edge, is still vulnerable. For example, a harder, more brittle steel may be sandwiched between an outer layer of softer, tougher, stainless steel to reduce vulnerability to corrosion. Laminated blades use multiple metals to create a layered sandwich, combining the attributes of both. High carbon stainless steel blades do not discolor or stain, and maintain a sharp edge.
High carbon stainless steel is stainless steel with a higher amount of carbon, intended to incorporate the better attributes of carbon steel and stainless steel. It is not able to take quite as sharp an edge as carbon steel, but is highly resistant to corrosion. Stainless steel is an alloy of iron, chromium, possibly nickel, and molybdenum, with only a small amount of carbon. It holds its edge well, and remains easy to sharpen, but is vulnerable to rust and stains. Carbon steel, an alloy of iron and carbon, can be very sharp. Knife blades can be manufactured from a variety of materials, each of which has advantages and disadvantages. The bolster, as its name suggests, is used to mechanically strengthen the knife. The handle may include a bolster, a piece of heavy material (usually metal) situated at the front or rear of the handle. There is also the enterçado construction method present in antique knives from Brazil, such as the Sorocaban Knife, which consists in riveting a repurposed blade to the ricasso of a bladeless handle.
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Knives are made with partial tangs (extending part way into the handle, known as "stick tangs") or full tangs (extending the full length of the handle, often visible on top and bottom). The handle, used to grip and manipulate the blade safely, may include a tang, a portion of the blade that extends into the handle. These edges are usually serrated and are used to further enhance function. Single-edged knives may have a reverse edge or false edge occupying a section of the spine. The blade edge can be plain or serrated, or a combination of both. the lanyard – a strap used to secure the knife to the wrist.the hilt or butt – the end of the handle utilized for blunt force.the guard – the barrier between the blade and the handle which prevents the hand from slipping forward onto the blade and protects the hand from the external forces that are usually applied to the blade during use.the ricasso – the flat section of the blade located at the junction of the blade and the knife's bolster or guard.the fuller – a groove added to make the blade lighter.the spine – the thickest section of the blade on a single-edged knife, the side opposite the edge on a two-edged knife, more toward the middle.the grind – the cross section shape of the blade.the edge – the cutting surface of the knife extending from the point to the heel.the point – the end of the knife used for piercing.
Hunters use a hunting knife, soldiers use the combat knife, scouts, campers, and hikers carry a pocket knife there are kitchen knives for preparing foods (the chef's knife, the paring knife, bread knife, cleaver), table knives ( butter knives and steak knives), weapons ( daggers or switchblades), knives for throwing or juggling, and knives for religious ceremony or display (the kirpan). Most modern knives have either fixed or folding blades blade patterns and styles vary by maker and country of origin. Originally made of wood, bone, and stone (such as flint and obsidian), over the centuries, in step with improvements in both metallurgy and manufacturing, knife blades have been made from copper, bronze, iron, steel, ceramic, and titanium. One of the earliest tools used by humanity, knives appeared at least 2.5 million years ago, as evidenced by the Oldowan tools. A knife (plural knives from Old Norse knifr 'knife, dirk' ) is a tool or weapon with a cutting edge or blade, usually attached to a handle or hilt.
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